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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politicalscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник РГГУ. Серия “Политология. История. Международные отношения.”</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RSUH/RGGU Bulletin Series "Political Science. History. International Relations"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6339</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский центр Российского государственного гуманитарного университета</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2073-6339-2026-2-89-109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politicalscience-1047</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТРАНЫ И РЕГИОНЫ МИРА: ДИНАМИКА РАЗВИТИЯ И МОДЕЛИ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COUNTRIES AND REGIONS OF THE WORLD: DEVELOPMENT DYNAMICS AND MODELS OF COOPERATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Туристский потенциал стран Ближнего Востока и его влияние на развитие экономики стран региона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The tourism potential of the countries of the Middle East and its impact on the economic development of the countries of the region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюкова</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена М. Крюкова, кандидат экономических наук</p><p>129226, Москва, ул. Вильгельма Пика, д. 4, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena M. Kryukova, Cand. of Sci. (Economics), associate professor</p><p>bldg. 1, bld. 4, Wilhelm Peak St., Moscow, 129226</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lena-krukova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заернюк</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaernyuk</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор М. Заернюк, доктор экономических наук, доцент</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor M. Zaernyuk, Dr. of Sci. (Economics), associate professor</p><p>23, Miklukho-Maklai St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zvm4651@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный социальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Social University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный геологоразведочный университет&#13;
имени Серго Орджоникидзе</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sergo Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Крюкова Е.М., Заернюк В.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крюкова Е.М., Заернюк В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kryukova E.M., Zaernyuk V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://politicalscience.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/1047">https://politicalscience.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/1047</self-uri><abstract><p>Страны Ближнего Востока находятся на этапе глубокой структурной трансформации, направленной на снижение зависимости национальных экономик от нефтегазового сектора. В этих условиях туризм приобретает статус стратегического направления диверсификации. Настоящее исследование оценивает туристский потенциал региона через призму его природных, культурно-исторических, религиозных и инфраструктурных компонентов, акцентируя внимание на таких государствах, как ОАЭ, Саудовская Аравия, Иордания, Израиль, Оман и Катар. Анализ основан на данных ООН Туризм (UN Tourism=UNWTO)1 , Всемирного банка и WTTC, дополненных официальными документами национальных стратегий, включая Саудовскую “Vision 2030”. Методологический инструментарий включает системный и сравнительный подходы, статистическую интерпретацию макроэкономических показателей и тематическое прочтение программных текстов. Установлено, что в странах Персидского залива туризм уже вносит весомый вклад в ВВП, формирует значительный сегмент занятости и выступает катализатором прямых иностранных инвестиций. Вместе с тем реализация потенциала сдерживается рядом факторов: геополитической нестабильностью, климатическими ограничениями, социально-культурными барьерами и экологическими издержками масштабной застройки. В заключении формулируются рекомендации по выстраиванию устойчивой модели развития, сочетающей экономические амбиции с сохранением культурной самобытности и природного капитала региона.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The countries of the Middle East are at a stage of deep structural transformation aimed at reducing the dependence of the national economies on the oil and gas sector. In these conditions, tourism acquires the status of a strategic area of diversification. This study evaluates the tourism potential of the region through the prism of its natural, cultural, historical, religious and infrastructural components, focusing on the countries such as the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Israel, Oman and Qatar. The analysis is based on the data from the UNWTO, the World Bank and the WTTC, supplemented by the official documents of the national strategies, including Saudi Vision-2030. The methodological tools incorporate the systematic and comparative approaches, statistical interpretation of the macroeconomic indicators, and the thematic reading of program texts. It has been established that tourism in the Persian Gulf countries is already a significant contributor to their GDP, forms a significant segment of employment and acts as a catalyst for foreign direct investment. At the same time, the full realization of the potential is hindered by a number of factors: geopolitical instability, climatic constraints, socio-cultural barriers and the environmental costs of a large-scale development. In conclusion, recommendations are formulated on building a sustainable development model that combines economic ambitions with the preservation of the cultural identity and the natural capital of the region.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туризм</kwd><kwd>Ближний Восток</kwd><kwd>экономическое развитие</kwd><kwd>туристский потенциал</kwd><kwd>диверсификация экономики</kwd><kwd>религиозный туризм</kwd><kwd>культурное наследие</kwd><kwd>инфраструктура</kwd><kwd>устойчивое развитие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tourism</kwd><kwd>Middle East</kwd><kwd>economic development</kwd><kwd>tourism potential</kwd><kwd>economic diversification</kwd><kwd>religious tourism</kwd><kwd>cultural heritage</kwd><kwd>infrastructure</kwd><kwd>sustainable development</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья выполнена в рамках государственного задания от 27 декабря 2023 г. № 075–00096-24-00 на выполнение фундаментального научного исследования по теме: по теме: «Современное состояние международного туризма (с 2000–2024 гг.) во всех странах Ближневосточного региона: статистический, географический и культурологический анализ распределения и использования туристского потенциала в странах Ближнего Востока».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared under the State Assignment No. 075–00096-24- 00 dated December 27, 2023, for the implementation of a fundamental scientific research project on the topic “The Current State of International Tourism (2000–2024) in All Countries of the Middle East Region: A Statistical, Geographical, and Cultural Analysis of the Distribution and Utilization of Tourism Potential in the Middle Eastern Countries”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Афанасьев, Афанасьева 2019 – Афанасьев О.Е., Афанасьева А.В. 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