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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">politicalscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник РГГУ. Серия “Политология. История. Международные отношения.”</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RSUH/RGGU Bulletin Series "Political Science. History. International Relations"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6339</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский центр Российского государственного гуманитарного университета</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2073-6339-2025-2-25-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">politicalscience-772</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ И ВНЕШНЕЙ ПОЛИТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Американская экспертная китаистика в условиях неоконсервативного поворота</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>American sinology through the lens of the neoconservative switch</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Р. Романов, аспирант</p><p>125047, Москва, Миусская пл., д. 6, стр. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman R. Romanov, postgraduate student</p><p>6-6, Miusskaya Sq., Moscow, 125047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">roman-romanov-1998@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российский государственный гуманитарный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian State University for the Humanities<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Романов Р.Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Романов Р.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Romanov R.R.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://politicalscience.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/772">https://politicalscience.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/772</self-uri><abstract><p>Процесс принятия внешнеполитических решений и формирование политики одной страны в отношении другой остается для исследователей закрытым процессом. Нельзя точно определить, какие вводные доступны руководителям и как проходит процесс выработки итогового решения. Например, мы не имеем доступа к закрытой экспертизе, предоставляемой разведкой или Министерством обороны США. Иначе говоря, весь внешнеполитический механизм – своеобразный «черный ящик» (black box). В этой связи изучение открытого экспертно-аналитического сообщества является удобной и валидной альтернативой для большего понимания процесса принятия решений.</p><p>Американская китаистика зародилась еще во второй половине XIX в. У ее истоков стояли миссионеры, торговцы и мануфактуристы. На протяжении многих лет они способствовали развитию изучения Китая. При этом даже в периоды, когда США придерживались более изоляционистской внешней политики, китаистика продолжала развиваться. С определенного времени у дисциплины появились новые направления, что также стимулировало ее развитие и превращение в отдельную область регионоведения.</p><p>Но споры между экспертами способствовали не только появлению новых смыслов и положений, но и к снижению защищенности китаистики от политизации. Причем ее старались политизировать и использовать против своих конкурентов не только политики, но и эксперты, стремившиеся к большей вовлеченности в процесс принятия решений. Иначе говоря, во время неоконсервативного поворота стала четче проявляться тенденция «подстраивания» экспертизы под внутри- и внешнеполитические интересы лиц принимающих решения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The foreign policy decision-making remains “blank” for researchers. It is impossible to determine exactly what in-put is available to a decision-maker and how the final decision is elaborated. For example, we do not have access to the classified materials provided by intelligence or the US Department of Defense. In other words, the entire foreign policy mechanism is a “black box”. In this regard, think tanks can be considered as a convenient and valid alternative material for studying the decisionmaking process.</p><p>American sinology originated in the second half of the 19th century. It was founded by missionaries, merchants and manufacturers. Over the years, they have contributed to the development of Chinese studies. Even during the periods when the United States pursued an isolationist foreign policy, sinology continued to develop. At some point, new directions originated within the discipline. The latter also contributed to the development of sinology into a separate regional studies branch of knowledge.</p><p>But the disputes between experts have contributed not only to the emergence of new meanings and notions, but also to a decrease in the resilience of Chinese studies to politicization. Moreover, not only politicians tried to politicize it and use it against their competitors, but also some experts who sought greater involvement in the decision-making process. In other words, “shaping” expertise for domestic and foreign political interests of decisionmakers has become more conspicuous during the neoconservative switch.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>американо-китайские соперничество</kwd><kwd>экспертно-аналитическое сообщество</kwd><kwd>процесс принятия решений</kwd><kwd>китаистика</kwd><kwd>китаисты</kwd><kwd>внешнеполитическое консультирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>US-China rivalry</kwd><kwd>expert and analytical community</kwd><kwd>decisionmaking process</kwd><kwd>sinology</kwd><kwd>sinologists</kwd><kwd>foreign policy consulting</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kranert 2020 – Discursive approaches to populism across disciplines / ed. by M. Kranert. 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